Ezekiel 27

THE word of the LORD came again unto me, saying,

Now thou son of man, take Pen a mournful Narrative of Tyrus fall, tell the World what she was, and what she is come to. up a lamentation for Tyrus Both City, and Citizens too..

And say unto Personate Tyrus as near thee, and hearing what thou say'st unto, or of her, describe her, that she may know thou speakest to her. Tyrus, O thou that art situate That dwellest, so Heb. at the entry Entrances Heb. she was but four Furlongs, or five hundred Paces, or half our English mile from the Continent, as 'twere in the very door of the Sea, far enough off to have convenient Harbours between her, and the Continent, and to be out of danger of sudden, or easie surprises. of the sea, which art a merchant A rich and populous Emporie, or Mart for all Commodities, either to vend or buy to Islanders, or those that dwell on firm Land. of the people for many isles, thus says the Lord GOD; O Tyrus, thou hast said In thy Riches, Strength, Alliances, and Trade, thou art grown proud, thou hast thought, and said too, a great deal more, than becomes a changeable State,, I am of perfect Thou hast boasted of the excellency of thy Government, the strength of thy City, the inaccessibleness of thy scituation, nearness, strength, and obligations of thy Allies, and as if nothing were wanting to perpetuate thy Glory, and Happiness, poor self-flattering Tyre! But let's view particulars. beauty.

Thy borders Weak Borders, which an Enemy easily breaks through, are a great defect in a state; well Tyre, thou art well secured here, thine are in the Sea that surrounds and secureth thee. are in the midst of the seas, thy builders Thy first founders, whoever they were; Agenor King of Phaenice chose wisely to build a City in safety; or by Builders may be meant such, who in after times did add to the first Foundation: These were Masters of their Art, and added this to the Natural strength, and beauty of the place, thus thou art perfected at home. have perfected thy beauty.

They Thy Shipwrights. have made all thy The Planks and Benches, or Transomes for their Ships. ship-boards of fir-trees Of the best, and finest firr-trees. of Senir Senir, i. e. Hermon, Deut. 3.9.: they have taken cedars For height, strength, durableness, and pleasing smell, beside smoothness of grain, and fitness for curious carvings, best of Tre s. from Lebanon whose Cedars excelled others. to make masts for thee.

Of the oaks Of Pines, say some of Chestnut-tre, say others; but, since Oakes, and those of Bashan, are famous in Sacred Dendrology, I know not why we should not keep to our own version, since the primary notation of the Heb. leads us to it. of Bashan they made thine oares: the As we read these words, there arise many difficulties in the expounding them, if the conjecture of the Learned Bochart be well considered, 'twill seem very probable, the words would be better rendred thus; Thy benches they have made of Ivory with box brought out, &c. For the Isles of Chi tim afforded much and large box trees, whereas Ivory, or the Elephants tooth, we know, is the Merchandize of other Countreys, and the Elephant a Forreigner to all the parts of Europe; nor are the Teeth of Elephants of that largeness to afford breadth for s ats, and benches, nor shall we find any such company of As hurites, if we inquire for them. I shall therefore subscribe to that Learned Man in the opinion, That here are two words read divided, and by mistake Translated as divided words, which ought to have been read in one word, and so translated as 'tis in Isa. 41.19. where we translate box, then all is plain, and the sense this, That from the Isles, and parts about the Ionean, Aegean, and other Seas of the Mediterrane, where this Box Tree is a Native, as in Corsica, Apulia, &c. and of great growth, and firmness, fit to saw into boards for benches, they were conveyed to Tyrus, where their artists inlaid these box boards with Ivory, and made them beautiful seats in their Gallies, and Ships. company of the Ashurites have made thy benches of ivory, brought out of the isles of Chittim.

Fine linnen Whereas Thrift teaches us to use the course Linnen for like purposes, these prodigal Tyrians used the finest silken sails, as we may render the words. with broidered Divers Figures, curiously drawn with the needle in this fine Linnen, which made exceeding costly sailes, yet pride, and wantonness in some of them went to the charges of it. work from Egypt Where was much of this fine linnen, and many of these neat embroiderers. was that thou spreadest forth to be thy sail, blue Or violet colour, and purple both rich, and noble colours: The Garments of Great Men and Princes were made hereof, Gen. 41.42. Pr. 31.22. see chap. 16.10. let. i. and purple from the Isles of Either from the Sea Coast of Aeolis in the lesser Asia, the Inhabitants whereof were excellent in the skil of dying wool, or from Peloponnesus, in which is one Country called Elis, famous for fine Linnen, and about the mouth of the River Eurotas. The fishing for the purple fish was famously known, so that it might be this place beside the Isles of the Aegean and Cretian Seas, as Coa, Nysirus, (called from its purples Porphyris) Cythera, and the Cyclades, which are many; some 12 of better note we might name, as now called Andro, Pario, Zea, Sdi li, Micoli, &c. Elishah was that which covered He speaks not here of Garments, but of the Coverings they used in their Ships, or Gallies; Their Tilts, as our Boatmen call them, the clothes they spread over their heads on Ship-board, to keep them from Sun and Weather, were such as befitted Kings, and Princes for costliness, and beauty. thee.

The inhabitants of Zidon An antient Town, and Haven of Phaenicia, not far from Tyre. and Arvad Better known by its other name Aradus an Island belonging to Phaenicia, some say 20. other say seven furlongs from the Continent. were thy mariners Rowers in thy Gallies, the Rich Tyrians would not employ their own in such servile works, they hired Strangers, these Zidonians and Arvadaeans, or Aradins once thy equals, thou hast now outstript, and makest thy servants, with pride enough.: thy wise men Thy learned men; for Navigation was the great Study of the Tyrians, and who were best skilled in this were the learned, or wise men among them, whom they had of their own, and trusted to be Pilots, which employment carryed honour in it to suit the proud humor of the Tyrians. O Tyrus, that were in thee, were thy pilots.

The antients Old experienced workmen. of Gebal and the wise men Skilful in their Trades. thereof were in thee Hired and dwelt in Tyrus for gain sake, that they might be still imployed. thy calkers Shipwrights to build no doubt, as well as repair, and strengthen their Ships.: all the ships Ships from all parts of the Sea, full of Mariners, not only to manage the Ships at Sea, but to offer their service to the Tyrians for bringing in, or carrying out of their wares, so that they might reap the profit, whilest others did undergo trouble and danger of trafficking by Sea. Factors, and Warehouse-Keepers, and brokers. of the sea with their mariners were in thee to occupy thy merchandise.

They of Persia Persians excellent Archers., and of Lud Lydians, not those Croesus was King over, but those, that dwelt in Egypt about the Lake Marcotis, or higher towards Aethiopia, if they were not of that Countrey, Aethiopians themselves., and of Phut Libyans a People of Africa, these were their hired Souldiers, and ever served in their army under Tyrian Commanders. were in thine army, thy men Stationary Souldiers in time of Peace, and who were sent out by Sea, or Land as occasion required in a time of War. of war: they hanged In time of Peace, or might they not so often as they came off the Guards bring each man his Armour, and hang it up in the publick Armory? the shield Which defended the body. and helmet Which covered the head. in thee, they These stout expert, well armed Guards were an honour to the State they served, and their Arsenal especially did prove the gallantry of this Tyrian State. set forth thy comeliness.

The men of Arvad See verse 8. let. c. with thine army Mixt with other hired Souldiers made up this Military Forces. were upon thy walls round about Kept Guard upon the Walls., and the Gammadims Some say Pigmies or Dwarfs, because the word Heb. is a Cubit, but the whole story of such Cubit-men is fabulous. Others think it is men bold, and couragious, and the word of Syriac origine, and sense, and so fitly expressing the temper of Syrian or Syrophenician Souldiers. Or else the men who came from Gammade, a Town of Ph nicia. Or possibly such as came from Ancon another Town of Phonice, and this Town had its name from its situation on a piece of Land, that resembles the Cubit, Greek,, and in the Hebrew,. were in thy towers: Which were many, erected for strength, and defence. they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about By this it appears these Towers were also publick Armories, whence they fetched Armes, when needful, and where they laid them up, when no farther use of them.; they have made thy beauty Added much to her beauty, a well Armed State being among states as beautiful, as a proper well armed Souldier among men. perfect.

Tarshish The City or Countrey for the Inhabitants, some say Car thaginians; others Tarsus in Cilicia; others with more probability say it is Tartessus, an antient Town on the mouth of the River B tis, or rather, over against it, in an Island, (where Gades now Cadiz) a convenient Port to Export the rich Mettals, that were brought down Baetis from the Countrey abounding with them, and through which their Baetis ran, and the inhabitants of this Tartessus furnisht the Tyrians with them. was thy merchant, by reason of the multitude of all kind of riches; with silver Spain was full of., iron Iron they had, Spanish Iron is well known these were the product of the Countrey., tin It is probable, they fetcht this from some Islands over against the Spanish Coast called Cassiterides, one of which a late Geographer names Zigarga. and lead Lead they had from the same place, and carried all to Tyrus and sold it to them; for they kept Market, and Traded in the Fairs of Tyrus, at this day our own Countrey is most noted for Tin, and Lead, which some say, was fetcht by the Phenicians if so, for ought I see to the contrary, the Tartessians who were a People before ever the Tyrians came into those parts, might first Trade here, and fetch it hence, and carry it to Tyre, the Voyage being neither long, or dangerous enough between that Island, and our Cornwall, to render the thing difficult, or the conjecture improbable., they traded in thy fairs.

Javan The Graecians, particularly the Ionians., Tubal The Asiatick Iberians, &c. The Albanians toward the Caspian Sea., and Meshech The Cappadocians, with the Moschi, who dwelt about Cholcis, the Countrey now called Mengrelia. they were thy merchants: they traded the persons Brought men to sell for slaves, so the Greeks did the (Mancipia Ionica) Ionian Slaves were known, and valued in the East, especially the handsome Girles to wait on great Ladies, the too great desire hereof in Atossa, Darius his Queen, is said to be the chief cause of his War on Greece, and as to the other, beside their servile inclinations, they were so barbarous, and inhuman, and had opportunities to sieze Men, Women, and Children to sell them, that no doubt the Market at Tyre was full of them. of men and vessels of brass Of which Mettal there was great store, they say, in Cappadocia, and Iberia, which they brought with them. in thy market.

They of the house Of the Countrey. of Togarmah Armenia the lesser, or Phrygia, Galatiae, or Cappadocia, or Paphlagonia. traded in thy faires with horses All which Countreys, as they are Neighbours to each other, so they abounded in Horses, and as they had many for number, so they had good for quality, and furnisht their Neighbours; tis reported the Cappadocians paid 2000 Horses yearly Tribute to the Persians. And as they bordered on each other, 'tis likely, they might be reckoned thus together., and horsemen It is like with either many Horses, or some choice ones, which they sold, they might sell their Grooms, as best able to manage, and keep those Horses., and mules The Countreys above mentioned, especially Cappadocia, had many Mules, which they sold to their Neighbours, Mules, which are a mixt Creature of a Mare, and He-Asse..

The men of Dedan Vid. chap. 25. ver. 13 let. f. This Dedan was in Ara ia, built by Dedan the Son of Regma, not far from the Persi Gulf, and now called Daden, whence through the Red Sea they might convey their own Merchandise. were thy merchants, many Isles In the Indian Seas, and in the Red Sea Traded with thee. were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present Knowing how acceptable they were to get thy favour, they either made p sents, and gave these things, or brought them to sell., horns Elkes horns, or Wild Goats, some think tis meant of the Unicorn, but the first is likest. of ivory Ivory, not of, the Heb. is not in Regimi e, but in apposition, and should be read they brought thee Presents, Horns, Ivory, and Ebeny, which is a very solid, heavy, shining and black wood, it for many choice workes., and ebeny.

Syria Well known to all. was thy merchant, by reason of the multitude of the wares of thy The abundance of the Tyrian Manufacture for all uses, which the Syrians could have no where else. making: they occupied in thy fairs Rather for Emraulds, a rich, and lovely stone, or carbuncles, as others have it. with emeralds, purple Or violet coloured c othes., and broidered work Vid. ver. 7. let. u., and fine linnen See ver. 7. let. t., and coral Men this may be Rubies, Carbuncles, or chalcedonies, or chrystal with which they made Looking Glasses. and agate A stone well k wn to us, but not so well known, whether it exactly translate the Hebr. here used; some say 'tis the chrysoprase, a stone mixt with gold colour, and green, and some such mixture may be seen in some Agates..

Judah The Two Tribes, or Kingdom of Iudah., and the land of Israel The Kingdom of Israel, or the Ten Tribes until their dispersion., they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith The name of some rich, and excellent wheat Country, 'tis mentioned in Iudg. 11.33. on occasion of I phthah's slaying the Ammonites, as lying on their borders, and 'tis said there is a Town of that name still in being about four miles from Esbus (or Sabasant as now called) in the way toward Philadelphia, formerly Rabbath., and Pannag Some doubt, whether this be a proper name of any Country, or Region, but if 'tis, they conclude it must be Phaenicia, but do not tell us how Iudah and Israel should trade their Wheat in Tyre Market. It may be 'twas some more obscure place, which now is forgotten., and honey With which Canaan flowed., and oyl In making and selling, whereof the labour, care and profit of that Country did lie., and Balm The choicest balms were those of Gilead, whence 'tis probable 'twas carried to Tyre; or it may be 'twas Rosin, of which they had great use. The Chaldee paraphrast interprets it by the word, that denotes wax, and so it may possibly be a good Commodity in Tyre..

Damascus A very antient and wealthy City of Syria, and the Royal City. was thy merchant in the multitude of the wares of thy See the phrase, ver. 16. let. b. making, for Though the Tyrians had many rich and lovely Commodities, yet it pleased the Damascens to bring chiefly two of their Commodities in exchange richest Wines to please the Palat of the luxurious Tyrians, and finest Wool, to cloth their pride. the multitude of all riches: in the wine of Helbon This place I meet no where else; Ptolom. has Chalibonis in Syria, perhaps that may be it. Others to save travel, make it a common name sweet, or smooth, or fat Wine; for Helbon comes from a word that signifies fat., and white wool.

Dan If twere the Tribe of Dan it must be understood of a time before the Captivity of the ten Tribes, but there is a learned man tells us of Dana a City of Taprobana, or the Island Zeilan mentioned by Ptolomy, and this learned man will have this meant. also and Javan Not Iavan or Greece, says that learned man, but an other Iavan in the Isle Mer e in remote parts of Egypt where is a principal Town Vzal, or Asel, from whence these Merchants came, and therefore stiled Iavan of Vzal, or Iavan Meuzal, and if the Cassia or Calamus mentioned in the verse, were the Wares brought in by the Danites, and Iavanites, I should go as far as Meroe and Taprobana to send them, but if the Cassia and Calamus were brought up at Tyre, I would believe they lived nearer, that they were Graecian Pedlars, or in a Northern dialect Merchants, that bought them, and were meant in the Text. going to and fro occupied in thy faires: bright iron Polished, as we see now an art, which so much betters the common sort of Iron, and refines it, that 'tis of great value. Cassia and Calamus are sweet Druggs., cassia, and calamus were in thy market.

Dedan The posterity of Abraham by Keturah, who dwelt in Arabia, and were Sheep-Masters, and no doubt knew how to make fine Clothes of their Wool. was thy merchant in precious clothes for chariots With which they lined their Chariots, and covered them, also they used them for Saddle Clothes, &c..

Arabia A large Countrey, and distinguisht into Desert, or Sandy, which cannot keep an honest man, it affords Thieves enough; next is the Stony or Petraea, which afforded good pasturage for Sheep and Goats, and the third Faelix, or happy, most remote from T re. and all the princes For there were many such among those Kedarens, or Scenites, who dwelt in Tents, bred, and ed Cattel, and carried them to Tyre Market, furnisht the Shambles at Tyre, and their Altars too for Sacrifices. of Kedar, they occupied with thee in lambs, and rams, and goats: in these were they thy merchants.

The merchant of Sheba A Countrey in Arabia Faelix, whence the Queen came that visited Solomon. and Raamah 'Tis read Rhegma by change of into g as in Gomorrah, another people of the same Arabia. This Rhegma Brother to Sheba, settled near him in that fruitful Land, and built Towns there, and grew to fame., they were thy merchants: they occupied in thy fairs, with chief This Countrey a ords all sort of the best Aromaticks, or Spices, which were carried to Tyre. of all spices, and with all precious stones Rich Jewels of all sorts, and Gold too., and gold.

Haran Haran or Charran in Mesopotamia, where Abraham dwelt. and Canneh No where else mentioned, supposed to be the same with Calneh, Gen. 10.10. afterwards C s phon, a pleasant City on Tigris, some three miles from S l cia, 'twas built by the Parthians, whose King resided there in the Winter, because of the mildness of the Air., and Eden A pleasant Countrey, part of Babylonia, the Chaldee Paraphr calls it Hadiah, and leads us to Adiabene, which Trajan conquered in his expedition against Babylon., the merchants of Sheba Whether the same mentioned ver. 22. which see, or some other, is not certain, perhaps it may be Saba, whence Sabaeans., Ashur Ashur, the name of the Father of the Nation, for Assyria., and Chilmad A Countrey or part of Media, between Assyria and Parthia, most likely to be Gaala of Media. were thy merchants.

These Either last named, or all that have been mentioned, though I conjecture the first is the true meaning, those rich, stately, and sumptuous Nations traded with Tyre. were thy merchants in all sorts of things Of rich precious things., in blue clothes Which those Nations delighted in, especially the Chaldaeans and Assyrians, chap. 23.6., and broidered work Bought of Egyptians, sold to Assyrians, &c., and in chests Chests of Cedar curious, yet strong made on purpose to carry sumptuous Apparel, bought up at Tyre and in those Chests conveyed to all parts of the Assyrian Empire, and to the Northern Nations. of rich apparel, bound It may refer to the Chests mentioned, or to other sort of rich Wares neatly made up, and bound for security with Cords. with cords, and made of cedar among By this it should seem, these Chests were not like our ordinary Boxes, but as choice Cabinets, and good Merchandise. thy merchandise.

The ships of Tarshish The Ships from all parts of the Sea, which came to thee, and traded with thee, praised thee, boasted of thee. did sing Had their songs of praise, which were made to commend thy state. of thee in thy market As Mariners in the Ports, where they arrive usually do with Mirth, and Songs entertain one another, so at Tyre.; and thou wast replenished All Trading came to thee, none like thee in thy Warehouses, or publick Stores., and made very glorious And to do thee right, thou wert very glorious, magnificent, and beautiful, none like thee: Hitherto the Prophet has recounted Tyrus greatness, now cometh her fall, foretold, as if already come. in the midst of the seas.

¶ Thy rowers Thy Governours and Counsellors. have brought thee Unadvisedly. into great waters Dangers and difficulties, in which thou art like to be shipwrackt, in which thou wilt perish.: the east-wind Which is very tempestuous, and dangerous to Ships in those Seas; by this is meant the King of Babylon with his Army, whose march was somewhat by East to Tyre. has broken As surely will, as if he had already done it, he has broken, it is the Prophetick stile. thee in the midst Where thou art far from shoar, and must therefore sink and drown, or where thou thoughtest thy self impregnable. of the seas Where many Seas mere, 'tis impossible for a half starved Creature to swim out, so shall Tyrus perish in the violent currents of many Seas, many Nations fierce, and cruel under Nebuchadnezzar shall swallow thee up..

Thy riches The vast Treasures of the publick, nor the great wealth of private Citizens shall purchase Tyrus a continued prosperity., and thy fairs These shall be interrupted by the Siege, and none, that frequented them, shall prevail for access to them., thy merchandise The stock of goods of all sorts now in thy Warehouses, and what thou hast trusted out., thy mariners Verse 8. let. d., and thy pilots Vid. ver. 8. let. e., thy calkers Vid. ver. 9. let. k., and the occupiers See ver. 9. let. l. of thy merchandise, and all thy men of war Vid. ver. 10. and 11. tot that are in thee, and in all thy company All that are men fit for War in the multitudes of People, that are in thee, or all thy own Citizens, that are thy Militia, Trained Bands, or Artillery Company. that is in the midst of thee, shall fall 'Tis plural, these all shall at once fall together. into the midst of the seas See ver. 26. let. g. in the day The time indeed was long preparing for the fall, but a day finisht it. of thy ruine Utter desolation..

The suburbs The lesser Cities on Terra Firma, alarmed with summons of their Governours to put themselves in a posture of defence. Or, the Waves, an elegant Hyperbole thus read, the very Waves which roar, and terrifie shall hear, and tremble at a stranger, and more doleful cry, then their own. Or, as our Version, the Suburbs, which are nearest the Sea shall first hear the outcries of Pilots, and Mariners despairing of escape, when, their Ship broken to pieces, all at once shreik out. So shall thy Citizens cry and fall. shall shake at the sound of the cry of thy pilots.

And all that handle the oar, the mariners, and all the pilots of the sea; shall come down from their ships, they shall stand upon the land. In the Allegory of a miserable shipwrack, the Prophet sets forth Tyrus fall, and in this verse he represents them all shifting out of the shattered sinking Ship, in great confusion, and greater fear, the Slaves quit the Oars, the mariners throw up the Tacklings, Pilots leave the Helm, a l make for the long Boat, and the Land, where they bewail their undone condition. Or, it may be more literally understood thus, all Seafaring men, who got their living by service done for Tyrus at Sea, seeing her utterly broken, shall leave the Ships, get to Land, that elsewhere they may get employment, or by a timely flight save themselves, and bewail their old Masters fall.

And shall cause With greatest cries they shall make the Countrey eccho forth their sorrows. their voice to be heard against Either standing on higher ground over-against the shipwrackt City, Or rather, for thee, those Eastern People did use to lift up their voice in mourning, Iob 2.12. Ier. 2.18, 19. and 31.15. Zech. 11.3. thee, and shall cry bitterly Their weeping shall be from a deep sense of the misery of t ir Friends, and this exprest by bitter cryes, so such sorrow is exprest, Zeph. 1.14. Isaiah 22.4. and 33.7., and shall cast up dust Another expression of great distress, and sorrow proper to those Countreys, Iosh. 7.6. Iob. 2.12. Lam. 2.10. and Ier. 6.26. upon their heads, they shall wallow Rowl themselves in ashes, which they used to do in their greatest mournings, as Mic. 1.10. and Ier. 6.26. as every Countrey has its peculiar manners, and customs in mourning, so had these customs, that exprest most vehement sorrows in gestures, which we are not accustomed unto. themselves in ashes.

And they shall make themselves utterly bald It was the custom of the Heathen, to either pull off with their hands, or cut off the hair of their heads in great mournings, which God forbad to his people, Lev. 18.28. Deut. 14.1.1. thus do Tyrus mourners in baldness express their sorrow, and despair. for thee, and gird them with sackcloth Another usual Ceremony of mourners well known to all., and they shall weep for thee with bitterness of heart It shall be a hearty mourning, not a counterfeit one, this referring to the inward grief, the next bitter wailing refers to the outward expressing it., and bitter wailing.

And in their wailing In their sorrowful speeches of Tyrus. they shall take up Into their mouths, or with a composed, significant, and comprehensive form of speech to show much grief in few words. a lamentation for thee, and lament over thee, saying, What city is like A few years since no city like her in beauty, riches, glory, and joy, now none like her in all the contraries. Tyrus, like the destroyed Now no more Tyrus the flourishing, the renowned, the Mart of Nations, and the stately built; but now the destroyed, the silent overwhelmed with grief, which was full of Songs. in the midst of the sea Alas! what was once her safeguard, is now her grave, what enricht her once has now swallowed all up at once.?

When thy wares Brought home from all Coasts. went forth out Were Landed, brought on shoar for the Mart. of the seas thou filledst There was enough to supply to the full. many people Numerous, stately, sumptuous Nations, though their prodigality was great, thou furnishedst them, hadst wares rich, and stately enough for all of them.; thou didst enrich the kings Such influence had thy vast Trade, that not only meaner men and subjects, but Kings themselves were made more wealthy by it. of the earth i. e. All Kings of the known World, or Kings of Nations far off, as well as neighbouring Kings. with the multitude of thy riches, and of thy merchandise.

In the time So soon as, or ever after the unhappy day. when thou shalt be broken Shattered to pieces. by the seas The Powers of the Babylonians that like Seas shall swell, roar, and break in upon thee. in the depths of the waters In the deepest afflictions, and by sorest oppressions, and violence., thy merchandise All thy Trade., and all thy company The multitude of thy Citizens, of thy hired Souldiers, of thy Allies abroad, and of those, that came into thy Markets for Trade shall cease, wither, and perish too. in the midst of thee shall fall.

All the inhabitants of the isles Strictly and in a larger sense the Sea-Coasts. shall be astonished Wondering, it ever should be effected, that Tyrus should fall. at thee, and their kings shall be sore afraid Knowing how they are much less able to resist, and defend themselves and not knowing where that mighty Conqueror would next trie his Arms, and Fortune., they shall be troubled They shall not be able to conceal the discomposure of their mind, but in their countenance a trouble made up of grief, fear, and indignation, grief for their Friends, fear for themselves, against that cruelty, and inhumanity, which without respect to any thing dear to mankind, ruined the glory of the World, destroyed, what could not be repaired by all the riches, and wisdom, and bounty of the Babylonish Kingdom. in their countenance.

The merchants among the people shall hisse This usually is an expression of scorn, and contempt poured forth on the Person hist at, if thus understood the meaning is there should be some among Tyrus Customers that would rejoice at her fall, and flout at her, either, perhaps wronged by her in their Trade, chap. 28.16. or else with envy, and expectation of her Trade to turn to them, return to her the wicked carriage she showed to Ierusalem fallen, and sacked; if it be a sign of ought else, 'tis of wonder as, 1 King. 9.8. at thee: thou shalt be a Matter of many fears, and to many People, who do, or shall hear how terribly thine Enemies have raged against thee and prevailed. terrour, and never shalt be any more Vid. c. 26.14, let. o..